Freight & Bunkers News

Jan 23 - Brazil traders see January soy shipments missing exporters' outlook
Some Brazilian traders say soybean exports in January are likely to miss grain exporters' association Anec's forecast released on Tuesday, while Anec told Reuters it is reconsidering its estimate for 3.8 million metric tons of shipments this month. In a statement, Anec said its monthly estimate, far above the 1.1 million tons shipped in January 2025, was based on shipping schedules. 

Jan 23 - Jordan tenders to buy 120,000 metric tons of feed barley, traders say
Jordan's state grains buyer has issued an international tender to purchase up to 120,000 metric tons of animal feed barley, European traders said on Thursday. The deadline for submission of price offers in the tender is January 28.

Jan 22 - NITRO SHIPPING Freight Report for Grains

AZOV SEA & BLACK SEA: Freight rates from Azov sea have risen considerably over the week due to heavy congestion at Kerch. Also ice is forming at Azov sea and especially at Azov and Rostov due to low temperatues. Owners prefer to avoid calling Azov and Rostov and looking something from ice free ports. Charterers have to pay up to secure the tonnage. Charterers are paying high 40's usd pmt ex Rostov to Marmara for 5'k vsl in prompt. 

FAR EAST: Far East market remains the same, at the low levels.

CASPIAN SEA: The Caspian Basin freight market remains deeply stagnant. See low ativity at the market, cargo base is limited, exporters prefer to store goods in warehouses, due to the uncertainty caused by the situation in Iran. Despite abundance of free tonnage, freight rates remain under pressure, at minimum levels. There are no signs of a short-term market recovery. 

BALTIC SEA: Baltic sea market is rising slowly. Vessels are delaying due to weather.

Jan 22 - Taiwan’s MFIG buys about 65,000 tons corn from US, traders say
Taiwan's MFIG purchasing group bought about 65,000 metric tons of animal-feed corn expected to be sourced from the United States in an international tender on Wednesday, European traders said. The yellow corn was purchased at an estimated premium of 190.97 U.S. cents a bushel cost and freight included over the July Chicago corn contract, they said.

Jan 22 - Jordan issues tender to buy up to 120,000 metric tons wheat, traders say
Jordan's state grain buyer has issued an international tender to buy up to 120,000 metric tons of milling wheat which can be sourced from optional origins, European traders said on Wednesday. The deadline for submission of price offers in the tender is January 27.

Jan 21 - Weekly Ocean rates - Freightos Baltic Index

- Asia-US West Coast prices (FBX01 Weekly) decreased 3% to $2,668/FEU. 
- Asia-US East Coast prices (FBX03 Weekly) decreased 2% to $3,947/FEU. 
- Asia-N. Europe prices (FBX11 Weekly) decreased 3% to $2,893/FEU. 
- Asia-Mediterranean prices (FBX13 Weekly) decreased 5% to $4,623/FEU. 

- President Trump announced on social media over the weekend intent to impose 10% tariffs starting February 1st on Denmark, Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, the UK, the Netherlands and Finland for opposing the sale of Greenland to the US, and that tariffs will increase to 25% in June if there is no deal by then.
- The EU accounts for 20% of total US imports by value. Last year Germany – the largest European exporter to the US – the UK and France exported more than $300B in goods to the US through October, with pharmaceuticals, medical supplies and devices, and vehicles and automotive goods accounting for most of it.
While Europe opted not to retaliate for US tariffs last year, this time seems different. EU leaders have scheduled an emergency meeting in Brussels to discuss their options. They could let retaliatory tariffs on $100B of US exports – approved last year but suspended until February 7th – go into effect; withhold pending approval of parts of the EU-US trade deal like reducing tariffs on some US goods to zero; or even close US military bases.
- The EU also has an anti-coercion instrument, aka “the bazooka,” at its disposal which, among other steps, allows it to tariff services, limit intellectual property rights and access to public contracts, and control exports in response to economic aggression.
With a short runway before February transatlantic ocean frontloading isn’t an option. Freightos Air Index Europe - N. America rates have inched up 2% to $2.21/kg since the announcement, but this gain continues a gradual January rate rebound from the $2.00/kg mark at the end of last year.
- The president is scheduled to meet with relevant world leaders to discuss the issue in Davos, and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent is urging calm. Last year provided more than one example of Trump announcing maximalist tariff – including the April 2nd reciprocal tariffs – and other threats, that proved to be mostly leverage for pressurized negotiations and aimed at concessions somewhere short of the initial ask. Another factor adding to the uncertainty is that the White House would likely rely on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to authorize these tariffs even while a Supreme Court decision on IEEPA-based tariffs’ validity looms.
What is certain is that the latest drama increases uncertainty yet again just as the US deescalation with China and announced agreements with several major trading partners toward the end of last year had seemed to firm up the 2026 trade war and tariff landscape.
- Maersk announced last week that its MECL – Middle East and India to US East Coast – service will resume Red Sea transits starting next week. Maersk and CMA CGM are the first carriers to revert some full services back through the Suez Canal. But CMA CGM just advised that it will now reroute some of those services around the Cape of Good Hope once again, citing the current “uncertain international context.”
- These steps forward and back suggest a full Red Sea return some time soon is still not a sure thing, and that the resumption may be quite gradual – and less disruptive than a wholecloth reboot – with carriers implementing a hybrid approach blending Red Sea transits for some sailings with the longer route for others for a while.
Ocean rates on the major east-west lanes eased slightly last week with no signs of a rebound so far this week, suggesting carriers aren’t moving forward with planned mid-month GRIs and that pre-Lunar New Year demand may have already reached its peak. Asia - Mediterranean prices fell 5% to $4,623/FEU and are down about $200/FEU from a January high two weeks ago. Rates to Europe decreased 3% to $2,893/FEU, down from about $3,000/FEU to start the month. These dips mark the first rate reductions for these lanes since prices started climbing in mid-October.
- Transpacific prices meanwhile, increased but then retreated several times in Q4 though carriers succeeded in holding on to incremental gains that kept rates above mid-October year lows. Prices eased 3% to $2,668/FEU to the West Coast and 2% to $3,947/FEU to the East Coast last week after reaching their January highs the week before. Rates for all these lanes are still likely to stay elevated in the near term as the holiday approaches and then face downward pressure as demand eases post-LNY, with carriers already announcing blanked sailings.

Jan 21 - Weekly Air rates - Freightos Air Index
- China - N. America weekly prices decreased 8% to $5.46/kg. 
- China - N. Europe weekly prices decreased 1% to $3.62/kg.  
- N. Europe - N. America weekly prices increased 2% to $2.15/kg. 

In air cargo, some carriers continue to avoid Iranian air space, resulting in longer Asia - Europe flights, though rates were stable at $3.62/kg out of China and about $2.90/kg from South East Asia. China - US prices continued to ease last week, falling 8% to $5.46/kg though rates out of SEA ticked up by 3% to $4.18/kg.
Best,

Jan 21 - EU 2025/26 soft wheat exports at 11.8 million tons by January 15
European Union soft wheat exports since the start of the 2025/26 season in July had reached 11.83 million metric tons by January 15, down 2% from a year earlier, though some figures were incomplete, European Commission data showed on Tuesday. A breakdown of this season's volumes showed France was the largest EU soft wheat exporter with 3.84 million tons exported so far, followed by Romania (3.75 million tons), Lithuania (1.41 million tons), Germany (894,526 tons) and Latvia with (694,050 tons).

Jan 21 - EU 2025/26 soybean imports down 16% by January 15, rapeseed down 41%
European Union soybean imports for the 2025/26 season that began in July had reached 6.73 million metric tons by January 15, down 16% from a year earlier, though some figures were incomplete, European Commission data showed on Tuesday. EU rapeseed imports in the same period totalled 2.08 million tons, down 41% year on year. Meanwhile, soymeal imports fell by 11% to 9.86 million tons.

Jan 20 - Russian wheat export prices up on reduced supply, analysts cut January estimates
Russian wheat export prices rose last week on limited supply from the Black Sea region and increased demand from importers, analysts said as they lowered their estimates for January exports due to poor weather conditions at ports. The price for Russian wheat with 12.5% protein content for free-on-board delivery in the second half of February was $227.50 a metric ton at the end of last week, up $2.50 from January 13, according to Dmitry Rylko, head of the IKAR consultancy.

Jan 20 - Brazil coffee exports hit record $15.6 bln in 2025
Brazilian coffee exports hit a record $15.6 billion in 2025 even though the country's total shipments of 60-kilogram (132.2 lb) bags declined by a fifth, as higher average coffee prices offset the impact of a fall in volumes, exporters group Cecafe said in a report published on Monday. During the course of 2025, total coffee exports - including instant coffee - fell by almost 21% to 40 million bags, down from a record of 50.6 million bags in 2024, Cecafe said.

Jan 19 - China receives first shipment of Simandou iron ore
China, the world's largest iron ore consumer, has received its first shipment of iron ore from the Simandou mine in Guinea in West Africa, in which Beijing has heavily invested to increase supply security. China, which imports 80% of its iron ore from Australia and Brazil, has been attempting to diversify its supply by expanding domestic output and investing in overseas mines. 

Jan 19 - Russia's seaborne grain exports rose 4.4% in December
Russia's seaborne grain exports increased by 4.4% year on year to 4.7 million metric tons in December, according to shipping data from industry sources released on Friday. Seaborne exports accounted for about 90% of Russia's total grain exports last season.

Jan 16 - Expana cuts EU soft wheat export forecast for 2025/26
Consultancy Expana has reduced its forecast for European Union soft wheat exports in the 2025/26 season to 28.8 million metric tons, down from 30 million tons projected last month, citing sluggish shipments from northern EU countries and Romania. The new estimate reflects weaker demand and slower shipments to third countries, with France remaining the only major exporter with an unchanged outlook.

Jan 16 - Turkey provisionally buys estimated 210,000 metric tons of feed barley in tender, traders say
Turkey's state grain board TMO has provisionally bought about 210,000 metric tons of animal feed barley in an international tender on Thursday, European traders said. The purchases were made in several consignments with the lowest price estimated at $259.50 a ton cost and freight included for 50,000 tons from trading house Ipek.

Jan 15 - India's Dec quarter cotton imports soar amid duty-free import push
India's cotton imports rose 158% year on year to a record 3.1 million bales in the December quarter after New Delhi allowed duty-free imports, boosting overseas purchases, a leading industry body said on Wednesday. Higher imports by the world's second-largest cotton producer are expected to support global prices, but they could weigh on local prices, which had been rising due to crop damage.

Jan 15 - Jordan buys about 60,000 metric tons feed barley in tender, traders say
Jordan's state grain buyer has purchased about 60,000 metric tons of animal feed barley sourced from optional origins in an international tender on Wednesday, European traders said. It was said to have been bought from trading house Cargill at an estimated $273.50 a ton cost and freight included for shipment in the first half of April.

Jan 14 - NITRO SHIPPING Freight Report for Grains

AZOV SEA & BLACK SEA: The Azov sea market firmed up due to heavy weather dealys at Kerch and closing of the strait due to security reasons. Some vessels have to
spent over a week to pass Kerch. Azov, Rostov and Taganrog Harbour Masters announced the ice class restriction will come in force from the 15.01.2026 with will
further complicate the situation with navigation at Azov sea. At the same time not clear how underwater inspections will be carried out during ice restrictions in force.

FAR EAST: The market is stable more less. See the low activity of exporters after long holidays in Russia.

CASPIAN SEA: The freight market in the Caspian Basin is stagnant. Activity has not recovered following the holidays, and news from Iran is adding to the uncertainty. There
is a shortage of cargo, while available tonnage remains plentiful, keeping freight rates low with no immediate prospect of recovery.

BALTIC SEA: The Baltic Sea market is slowly recovering after holidays.

Jan 14 - Weekly Ocean rates - Freightos Baltic Index

- Asia-US West Coast prices (FBX01 Weekly) increased 5% to $2,757/FEU.  
- Asia-US East Coast prices (FBX03 Weekly) increased 7% to $4,033/FEU.
- Asia-N. Europe prices (FBX11 Weekly) decreased 1% to $2,978/FEU.
- Asia-Mediterranean prices (FBX13 Weekly) stayed level at $4,851/FEU.

- Asia - Europe container rates remained steady but elevated last week – at about $3,000/FEU to Europe and $4,850/FEU to the Mediterranean – at levels last reached during the summer peak season as pre-Lunar New Year demand is now supporting the start of the year GRIs and carriers add capacity to service rising volumes.
This seasonal demand bump started earlier than usual and so may already be at about its peak as daily rates this week cool slightly. Some carriers have nonetheless announced mid-month GRIs aiming at $4k/FEU for Europe and more than $5,500/FEU for Mediterranean routes. The recent winter weather in Europe has caused disruptions at some key ports, which could help support rate levels.
- Rates on the transpacific have been on the rise since mid-December and continued to climb about 5% last week. Prices so far this week have remained stable at about $2,750/FEU to the West Coast and $4,000/FEU to the East Coast, though some forwarders report that carriers are already starting to offer discounts as space remains available.
The current rate bumps to North America would also be earlier than normal for pre-LNY, but are in line with the latest National Retail Federation US ocean import projections. The report estimates January volumes will increase 6% compared to December for the first month-on-month increase since July, though these volumes would be 5% lower than last January, with annual deficits expected through April. The NRF’s January report however, projects stronger 2026 volumes than its report from a month ago did, suggesting importers may be getting slightly more optimistic about post-holiday restocking strength.
- In geopolitical developments, the US Supreme Court has until the end of June to issue a ruling on the legality of IEEPA tariffs, though there is speculation that a decision could come as soon as tomorrow. It seems likely that SCOTUS will rule against the administration. Such a decision would raise significant question marks regarding whether or how quickly the White House might move to restore tariffs by other means, and what the decision will mean for tariff refunds.
- The administration’s IEEPA-based tariffs on China were set at their current level until November of this year as part of the China-US deescalation back in November. Amid the turmoil in Iran though, President Trump released a statement on social media, though no executive order has been issued, saying 25% tariffs are in effect for any country that trades with Iran. If this move becomes law it could apply to China – Iran’s largest trading partner – and risk disrupting the China-US trade status quo.
- The unrest in Iran could have other implications for freight as well. Iran has threatened to respond to a US attack with actions against US shipping interests. These steps could include closing the Strait of Hormuz. While closing the passage would be disruptive to oil flows, only 2% - 3% of global container volumes, according to Container Trade Statistics, transit the Strait, so disruptions to the container market would mostly be felt locally.

Jan 14 - Weekly Air rates - Freightos Air index

- China - N. America weekly prices decreased 4% to $5.91/kg.
- China - N. Europe weekly prices increased 6% to $3.64/kg. 
- N. Europe - N. America weekly prices increased 5% to $2.10/kg.

A closure would cut off access to Dubai’s Port of Jebel Ali, a major transhipment hub between the Far East and points to the west, especially Europe, with a share moving from ocean to air in Dubai. Tranship volumes would need to be shifted elsewhere, possibly to South Asian hubs, which could cause some congestion and higher freight rates, but would not represent a major disruption to the overall container market. If protests do topple the regime, leaving the Houthis without Iranian support, the collapse could hasten a container traffic return to the Red Sea, where carriers like Maersk continue to test the waters.
- Last week’s storms and cold in Europe disrupted flights along with container ports, though operations are recovering this week. Air rates continue to cool post the December peak on the transpacific, with Freightos Air Index China - US prices below $6.00/kg for the first time since October, and prices from South East Asia slumping below $4.00/kg.
While transpacific volumes fell sharply following US de minimis suspensions in May, capacity and volumes have gradually recovered. This rebound is driven partly by a recovery in e-commerce volumes, but mostly by general cargo growth from China and South East Asia – especially Vietnam – as demand for AI hardware and trade war shifts in electronics sourcing push more volumes to the air.

Jan 14 - China's Sinograin sells out soybean auction ahead of US shipments
China's state stockpiler Sinograin sold all 1.1 million metric tons of soybeans offered at its fourth auction since December on Tuesday, traders said, as it moves to draw down inventories ahead of incoming U.S. shipments. The imported soybeans, from the 2022–2025 crops, were sold at an average price of 3,811 yuan per ton, with deliveries scheduled mainly for March and April, the sources said.

Jan 14 - Russia's IKAR lifts grain export forecast but warns of southern crop risk
Russia's IKAR consultancy raised the country’s grain export potential for the 2025/26 season to 60.2 million metric tons from 57.8 million tons, but warned the target may not be met due to a poor crop in the south. IKAR increased its wheat export forecast to 46.5 million tons from 44.1 million. The current grain marketing season ends on June 30, 2026.

Jan 13 - French farmers target food imports as Mercosur protests continue
Farmers stopped lorries at France's largest container port and on the main motorway north of Paris on Monday, conducting symbolic checks on imported food in protest at an EU-Mercosur trade deal they say will lead to unfair competition. Farmers in France, the European Union's largest agricultural producer, have been protesting for weeks over grievances including the proposed trade pact with South America’s Mercosur bloc. 

Jan 13 - Green coffee exports up 4.8% with strong robusta flow, says ICO
Producing countries' green coffee exports rose 4.8% in November from a year earlier to 8.95 million 60-kg bags, due mostly to a strong increase in robusta beans trade, the International Coffee Organization said in a monthly report on Monday. Exports of robusta coffee rose 28% year-on-year to 3.24 million bags, driven primarily by Vietnam, the world's top grower of that coffee variety, whose exports in the period increased 93% to 1.47 million bags. 

Jan 12 - China buys at least 10 cargoes of US soybeans for April-May shipment, traders say
China's state stockpiler Sinograin purchased at least 10 cargoes of U.S. soybeans on Friday, or at least 600,000 metric tons, for shipment in April and May, capping an active week of buying by the world's top importer, three traders with knowledge of the deals said. At least eight of the cargoes booked on Friday were slated for shipment from U.S. Gulf Coast export terminals, with the remainder due to ship from the Pacific Northwest, they said.

Jan 12 - Grain terminal group Senalia expects doubling of shipments in 2025/26
Grain export terminal operator Senalia expects its volumes in 2025/26 to double from last season after a rebound in French harvest production and amid brisk demand for barley, the company said on Friday. France is the European Union's biggest grain supplier and Rouen on the river Seine in Normandy its main grain export hub. The rain-hit 2024 harvest cut its export surplus and left port terminals idle for part of the season.

Jan 09 - India sugar export deals gain traction on lower prices, weak currency
Indian mills have signed export contracts for around 180,000 metric tons of sugar this season with a domestic price correction and weaker rupee belatedly driving overseas sales in recent weeks, trade and industry officials told Reuters. The federal government in November approved exports of 1.5 million tons of sugar from the current season, which opened on October 1. But high prices on the local market have led to sluggish export activity. 

Jan 09 - Colombia's 2025 coffee production drops 2.27%
Coffee production in Colombia, the world's leading supplier of washed Arabica coffee, fell by 2.27% in 2025 to 13.6 million 60-kg bags, its first decline in three years, due to rainfall in the country's main coffee-growing regions, the National Federation of Coffee Growers said on Thursday. In 2024, Colombia's coffee production totaled 13.9 million bags.

Jan 08 - South Korea’s MFG tenders for up to 210,000 tons corn, traders say
South Korea's Major Feedmill Group has issued an international tender to purchase up to 210,000 metric tons of animal feed corn, European traders said on Thursday. The deadline for submission of price offers in the tender is Friday, January 9. Traders had initially estimated the total sought at 140,000 tons.

Jan 08 - Jordan tenders to buy up to 120,000 metric tons feed barley, traders say
Jordan's state grains buyer has issued an international tender to purchase up to 120,000 metric tons of animal feed barley, European traders said on Thursday. The deadline for submission of price offers in the tender is January 14.

Jan 07 - EU 2025/26 soft wheat exports reach 11.18 million tons in incomplete tally
European Union soft wheat exports since the start of the 2025/26 season last July had reached 11.18 million metric tons as of January 2, down 2% from a year earlier, though some figures were incomplete, the European Commission said on Tuesday. EU barley exports totalled 5.29 million tons, up 126% from the corresponding period in the 2024/25 season, while EU maize imports were at 8.22 million tons as of December 31, down 20%.

Jan 07 - Jordan buys 60,000 tons of wheat in tender, traders say
Jordan's state grains buyer purchased about 60,000 metric tons of milling wheat to be sourced from optional origins in an international tender on Tuesday, traders said. It was believed to have been bought from trading house Buildcom at an estimated $260 a ton cost and freight included for shipment in the first half of April, they said. 

Jan 06 - Weekly Ocean rates - Freightos Baltic Index

- Asia-US West Coast prices (FBX01 Weekly) increased 22% to $2,617/FEU.
- Asia-US East Coast prices (FBX03 Weekly) increased 12% to $3,757/FEU.
- Asia-N. Europe prices (FBX11 Weekly) increased 9% to $3,000/FEU.
- Asia-Mediterranean prices (FBX13 Weekly) increased 21% to $4,844/FEU.

- The US operation in Caracas over the weekend, which facilitated the US military’s capture of Venezuela’s President Maduro, included strikes on the city’s La Guaira container port and a nearby military base. 
- La Guaira is Venezuela’s second largest container port, and tits closure will disrupt operations and cause delays for importers and exporters who normally rely on La Guaira. Even before the US action, there were reports of some tranship volumes shifting away from Venezuela due to the growing instability. But the larger Port of Cabello is only about 60 miles to the west, and as Venezuela overall is a small market for container trade – with handling capacity of around a million TEU per year – impacts from the strike on La Guaira are unlikely to be felt beyond Venezuela.
- In trade war developments, the US delayed its planned January 1st tariff increase on lumber products including furniture, for one year. The Department of Commerce also stepped back from plans for a sharp tariff hike on Italian pasta imports. These deescalations may partially be motivated by cost of living concerns that are putting some pressure on the White House. These responses add more uncertainty as to how the administration – whose stated intention is to quickly reinstate tariffs by other means – may react if the Supreme Court decision invalidates its IEEPA-based, country-specific tariffs introduced last year.
- In ocean freight, start of year GRIs pushed Asia - Europe rates up 9% to the $3,000/FEU mark last week, and Asia - Mediterranean prices up more than 20% to $4,800/FEU, reflecting 23% and 45% climbs since mid-December, respectively.
- These hikes – pushing Mediterranean rates even with their peak season 2025 high and Europe prices to their highest since late August – reflect growing pre-Lunar New Year demand on these lanes, even as carriers add capacity to service these volumes. These rate levels are well above long term pre-LNY norms, but even with Red Sea diversions continuing and volumes likely stronger than last year, Asia - Europe prices remain 40% lower than last year, likely an effect of a growing fleet.
- Transpacific container rates, which started climbing in mid-December, continued their ascent last week via January 1st GRIs. Prices to the West Coast increased 22% to $2,617/FEU, and are more than 30% higher than in mid-December. East Coast rates climbed 12% to $3,757/FEU and are up 20% in less than a month. 
- That prices haven’t retreated at all from December increases – like they had following several GRI attempts in Q4 – suggests that LNY demand is picking up and supporting prices on these lanes too. Even if demand has started to pick up, volumes are projected to be 10% lower than last year, likely contributing, along with capacity growth, to significantly lower year on year rate levels for these lanes. 

Jan 06 - Weekly Air rates - Freightos Air index

- China - N. America weekly prices decreased 1% to $6.18/kg.
- China - N. Europe weekly prices decreased 2% to $3.44/kg. 
- N. Europe - N. America weekly prices decreased 7% to $2.00/kg.

- In air cargo, ex-China rates eased to $6.18/kg to the US and $3.44/kg to Europe – down from peak season highs of $8.00/kg and $4.00/kg – as post-peak demand slows. Prices out of South East Asia are likewise cooling, with rates to the US down to $4.28/kg last week from a mid-December high of $5.80/kg, and prices to Europe sliding to $2.90/kg from a peak of $4.00/kg. 

Jan 04 - Ukraine Weekly Commodity Market (SPIKE BROKERS)

- Export by rail
· The railway sector provided almost 380 thousand tons of exports. In December, the main goods were meal, soybeans and corn. Shrot gave more than 90 thousand tons, soybeans - 72 thousand tons, and corn, despite only 5% of the share, provided more than 108 thousand tons due to a significant total crop volume.
· The railway remained a key channel for oilseeds and processing products, providing flexible logistics to producers in central and western regions, where seaports are less accessible.

- Automobile export
· Road transport provided more than 55 thousand tons, or 1.3% of exports. Despite the smallest proportion, export by road is important for niche crops, small batches and urgent supplies to the EU. The main goods are sunflower and soybean oil (together more than 33 thousand tons), which confirms the efficiency of vehicles on short routes to Poland, Romania and Hungary. Sunflower seeds, soybeans and meal are also actively exported.
· Auto direction retains high efficiency and growth potential by 10-15%.

- Export by sea
· Maritime transport in December once again confirmed the key role in the export of agricultural products: despite alarms and attacks, it provided the rhythm and scale of shipments during the peak sales season. More than 3.69 million tons were exported through ports (89% of the total volume). The drivers are corn, wheat and sunflower meal: corn provided more than 2.06 million tons, wheat - almost 600 thousand tons, meal - about 284 thousand tons. The main load traditionally fell on the ports of Greater Odessa.

- General logistic context
Monthly exports grew from 2.9 million tons in July to more than 4.1 million tons in December. The structure of transport remains stable: the sea channel retains 89-92% of the volume, setting the export rate. Against this background, the railway strengthened its positions: the share increased from 7% to 9%, and volumes - from 208 thousand tons to 380 thousand tons. Road transport kept stable 55-67 thousand tons per month, and the decline in its share was a consequence of the growth of railway traffic. As a result, the logistics system is balanced: the sea provides a scale, the railway - stability and balance, auto - flexibility for niche segments.